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When it comes to choosing the right pump for your petroleum equipment needs, understanding the differences between displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps is crucial. Both types of pumps have their own unique characteristics and advantages, making them suitable for different applications. In this article, we will delve into the key differences between displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps, as well as their respective advantages and disadvantages.
Below is a quick comparison table that highlights the main performance differences between centrifugal (rotodynamic) pumps and positive displacement pumps. Impellers pass on velocity from the motor to the liquid
Difference Between Centrifugal Pump and Positive Displacement
Centrifugal pumps are rotodynamic pumps that rely on the transfer of velocity from the motor to the liquid being pumped. They work by using an impeller to create a centrifugal force that moves the liquid through the pump. On the other hand, positive displacement pumps operate by trapping a fixed amount of liquid and then forcing it into the discharge pipe. This results in a constant flow rate regardless of the discharge pressure, making positive displacement pumps ideal for applications where a consistent flow rate is required.
Positive Displacement Pump Disadvantages
While positive displacement pumps offer a constant flow rate, they also come with some disadvantages. One major drawback is that they can be prone to damage if the discharge line is blocked or closed off. This can lead to excessive pressure buildup within the pump, potentially causing damage to the pump components. Additionally, positive displacement pumps can be less efficient than centrifugal pumps, especially in applications where the flow rate varies significantly.
Positive Displacement Pump vs Diaphragm
A diaphragm pump is a type of positive displacement pump that uses a flexible diaphragm to move the liquid through the pump. This design allows for gentle handling of shear-sensitive fluids, making diaphragm pumps suitable for applications where maintaining product integrity is essential. However, diaphragm pumps can be more complex and costly to maintain compared to other types of positive displacement pumps.
Characteristics of Positive Displacement Pump
Positive displacement pumps are known for their ability to provide a constant flow rate regardless of the discharge pressure. They are also capable of handling high-viscosity fluids and are suitable for applications where precise dosing is required. However, positive displacement pumps can be more sensitive to changes in viscosity and temperature, which can affect their performance in certain applications.
Positive Displacement Pump Working Principle
The working principle of a positive displacement pump involves trapping a fixed amount of liquid in a chamber and then displacing it into the discharge pipe. This process creates a continuous flow of liquid, making positive displacement pumps ideal for applications where a consistent flow rate is essential. The pump's output is directly proportional to the speed at which the pump is operated, allowing for precise control over the flow rate.
Centrifugal Pump vs Submersible
Centrifugal pumps are commonly used in applications where high flow rates are required, such as in water treatment plants and irrigation systems. Submersible pumps, on the other hand, are designed to be submerged in the fluid being pumped, making them ideal for applications where space is limited or where the pump needs to operate in a submerged environment. Submersible pumps are often used in wastewater treatment plants, mining operations, and offshore drilling platforms.
Centrifugal Pump vs Rotary
Rotary pumps are a type of positive displacement pump that uses rotating mechanisms to move the liquid through the pump. Unlike centrifugal pumps, which rely on centrifugal force to move the liquid, rotary pumps use rotating elements such as gears, lobes, or vanes to create a positive displacement action. Rotary pumps are known for their ability to handle high-viscosity fluids and are commonly used in applications where gentle handling of the product is required.
Positive Displacement Diaphragm Pump
This is a detailed comparison of the Positive Displacement pump vs Centrifugal pump. Learn which pump type suits your applications.
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displacement pump vs centrifugal pump|characteristics of positive displacement pump